Skip to content
keel
Ledger
64,750,880
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
6s

USDZ against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

USDZ / USDC

GAKT…6XPR

Risk band

Critical

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
1,170.50 USDC (shortened; full value 1170.5014530024752450916780325 USDC)Limited by manipulation cost
Depth within 5%
buy5,119.02 USDC (shortened; full value 5119.0291875667149171612607042879 USDC)sell4,415.10 USDC (shortened; full value 4415.100678892958507782200126335671823968106189044655 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
4,682.00 USDC (shortened; full value 4682.00581200990098036671213 USDC)Reachable through the order book
Checks
3 triggered3 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Buy-side depth

What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.

Higher at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
3,594.98 USDC (shortened; full value 3594.9883497726134827532961445787 USDC)
Highest
5,762.54 USDC (shortened; full value 5762.5428184884262291570486044254 USDC)
2026-09-26T15:51:46Z — 2026-10-03T14:54:32ZOne scale across every line on this chart
2% from mid
3,851.82 USDC (shortened; full value 3851.8277190491912959229925862766 USDC)
5% from mid
5,119.03 USDC (shortened; full value 5119.0310332938770665046040742879 USDC)
10% from mid
5,556.02 USDC (shortened; full value 5556.0240488677999070936127196412 USDC)
168 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
Cheap to move the pricenowMANIPULATION_CHEAPthroughout
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGHthroughout

Not evaluated3

  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
4,682.00 USDC (shortened; full value 4682.00581200990098036671213 USDC)

The target is reachable through the order book

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0 USDC

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
not computed

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
4,682.00 USDC (shortened; full value 4682.00581200990098036671213 USDC)

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh