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keel
Ledger
64,751,772
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
8s

PAYBO against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

PAYBO / USDC

GDNU…XD3D

Risk band

High

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
21.49 USDC (shortened; full value 21.492385613593090866731577889742978037543515411436 USDC)Limited by liquidation depth
Depth within 5%
buy20.81 USDC (shortened; full value 20.8101851163103721796289848049 USDC)sell21.20 USDC (shortened; full value 21.209443998427977213006678785881710579921241750658 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
Not reachableThe order book cannot reach the target
Checks
3 triggered5 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Buy-side depth

What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.

Higher at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
7.96 USDC (shortened; full value 7.9633972018216226381894312931 USDC)
Highest
42.39 USDC (shortened; full value 42.395315595555154358153029621 USDC)
2026-09-11T17:48:07Z — 2026-10-02T10:39:02ZOne scale across every line on this chart
2% from mid
8.51 USDC (shortened; full value 8.511463563725788958593431878 USDC)
5% from mid
21.12 USDC (shortened; full value 21.1236997992086635679247354917 USDC)
10% from mid
41.75 USDC (shortened; full value 41.7501623161644206126534899936 USDC)
498 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
One holder owns most of itnowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREME480 of 498
Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGH480 of 498
No genuine trade in 30 daysNO_GENUINE_TRADE_30D197 of 498
No genuine trade in 7 daysNO_GENUINE_TRADE_7D197 of 498

Not evaluated5

  • Price sources disagree
  • Extreme spread
  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
0 USDC

NOT reachable through the order book: this is the cost of exhausting the book, not of reaching the target

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0 USDC

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
not computed

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
not computed

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh