LFI against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?
Risk band
Critical
partial confidence
A floor: the real band can only be worse.
- Max safe collateral
- 0 USDCLimited by manipulation cost
- Depth within 5%
- buy3.79 USDC (shortened; full value 3.7936384084747070744013801262 USDC)sell3.86 USDC (shortened; full value 3.866422183422431656890500395837707759343799743875 USDC)
- Cost to move +50%
- 0 USDCReachable at no cost: nothing stands in the way
- Checks
- 5 triggered5 not evaluated
History
Buy-side depth
What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.
Higher at the end of the window than at its start
- Lowest
- 1.51 USDC (shortened; full value 1.5159295531935046770915146844 USDC)
- Highest
- 7.59 USDC (shortened; full value 7.599849312176298158192328723 USDC)
- 2% from mid
- 1.52 USDC (shortened; full value 1.5285871033299189001492030606 USDC)
- 5% from mid
- 3.79 USDC (shortened; full value 3.7936384084747070744013801262 USDC)
- 10% from mid
- 7.49 USDC (shortened; full value 7.4979771928300223811964108827 USDC)
Checks
MANIPULATION_CHEAPMANIPULATION_RATIO_LOWHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREMETHIN_DEPTH_5PCTHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGHNO_GENUINE_TRADE_30DNO_GENUINE_TRADE_7DNot evaluated5
- Price sources disagree
- Extreme spread
- No genuine trade in 30 days
- No genuine trade in 7 days
- Volume may be wash traded
Evidence
The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.
Read cost together with reachability: a figure on an unreachable rung says how far the book goes, not what the move costs.
| Move | Target price | Cost, all venues | Cost, order book only |
|---|---|---|---|
| +50% | 0.567181 USDC (shortened; full value 0.56718124841337405 USDC) | 34.52 USDC (shortened; full value 34.5251318782436058504314096436 USDC) | free to reach |
| +100% | 0.756241 USDC (shortened; full value 0.7562416645511654 USDC) | 63.63 USDC (shortened; full value 63.6311644316498011347284174871 USDC) | free to reach |
| +1,000% | 4.159329 USDC (shortened; full value 4.1593291550314097 USDC) | 355.95 USDC (shortened; full value 355.9590936988353399430192299359 USDC) | 0.08 USDC (shortened; full value 0.081 USDC) |
| +10,000% | 38.190204 USDC (shortened; full value 38.1902040598338527 USDC) | 1,390.44 USDC (shortened; full value 1390.4448354659437997281495787281 USDC) | unreachablebook ends at 0.21 USDC |
Reachability on the all-venues ladder is unconditionally true whenever an active pool exists, because a constant product curve has no upper price bound. The order-book-only column is the one that answers whether a target is attainable, and it is the one Keel itself uses.
- Highest price the book can reach
- not computed
Absorbing every ask. Not computed when an active pool exists, because a constant product curve has no highest price
- Cost to reach it
- not computed
Every ask below that price. Catches an attack that lands between two rungs of the ladder