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keel
Ledger
64,751,045
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
10s

BTC against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

BTC / USDC

GDPJ…2MZM

Risk band

High

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
1,411.95 USDC (shortened; full value 1411.956257792961606121939879036146586858921399358028 USDC)Limited by liquidation depth
Depth within 5%
buy1,505.74 USDC (shortened; full value 1505.7424016753518678309553988353 USDC)sell1,633.78 USDC (shortened; full value 1633.782095041535188896391770911963754733855290684424 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
24,757.92 USDC (shortened; full value 24757.92079481005601674502488 USDC)Reachable through the order book
Checks
3 triggered3 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Cost to move the price 50%

The stored series carries one manipulation rung, the +50% move. A reading the engine could not produce breaks the line rather than sitting at zero.

Higher at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
13,520.11 USDC (shortened; full value 13520.11903511977649919897166 USDC)
Highest
25,127.08 USDC (shortened; full value 25127.08842203593737400692168 USDC)
2026-09-26T15:50:46Z — 2026-10-03T15:08:32Z
Cost to move +50%
24,833.46 USDC (shortened; full value 24833.46388194616036175777641 USDC)
169 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
One holder owns most of itnowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_EXTREMEthroughout
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
Supply is concentratednowHOLDER_CONCENTRATION_HIGHthroughout
Nothing tradable within 2%ZERO_DEPTH_2PCT3 of 169

Not evaluated3

  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
24,757.92 USDC (shortened; full value 24757.92079481005601674502488 USDC)

The target is reachable through the order book

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0.06 USDC (shortened; full value 0.0678091 USDC)

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
365,112.0689 (shortened; full value 365112.0689525455435442296812669686)

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
24,757.98 USDC (shortened; full value 24757.98860391005601674502488 USDC)

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh