Skip to content
keel
Ledger
64,753,388
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
4s

FRED against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

FRED / USDC

GCA7…ZLV6

Risk band

Critical

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
0.000051 USDC (shortened; full value 0.0000514500035902170766125 USDC)Limited by manipulation cost
Depth within 5%
buy23.84 USDC (shortened; full value 23.8448939032501463232324635815 USDC)sell24.30 USDC (shortened; full value 24.302386130959878081151546641835350091089898809846 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
0.00020 USDC (shortened; full value 0.00020580001436086830645 USDC)Reachable through the order book
Checks
5 triggered3 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Cost to move the price 50%

The stored series carries one manipulation rung, the +50% move. A reading the engine could not produce breaks the line rather than sitting at zero.

Lower at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
0.000034 USDC (shortened; full value 0.0000343000012318797204 USDC)
Highest
2.04 USDC (shortened; full value 2.04885590001161896200655 USDC)
2026-09-11T17:48:01Z — 2026-10-02T10:38:42Z
Cost to move +50%
0.00020 USDC (shortened; full value 0.00020580001436086830645 USDC)
498 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
Cheap to move the pricenowMANIPULATION_CHEAPthroughout
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
Extreme spreadnowSPREAD_EXTREME423 of 498
Price sources disagreenowPRICE_SOURCE_CONFLICT344 of 498
Cheap next to real tradingnowMANIPULATION_RATIO_LOW145 of 498
Nothing tradable within 2%ZERO_DEPTH_2PCT152 of 498
No genuine trade in 7 daysNO_GENUINE_TRADE_7D22 of 498

Not evaluated3

  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
0.00020 USDC (shortened; full value 0.00020580001436086830645 USDC)

The target is reachable through the order book

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0 USDC

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
not computed

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
0.00020 USDC (shortened; full value 0.00020580001436086830645 USDC)

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh