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keel
Ledger
64,750,864
Methodology
1.0.8-draft
Age
6s

ACT against USDC — what depth stands behind this price?

All assets

ACT / USDC

GAHH…3FS7

Risk band

Critical

partial confidence

A floor: the real band can only be worse.

Max safe collateral
0 USDCLimited by manipulation cost
Depth within 5%
buy4.85 USDC (shortened; full value 4.8579590408218199402531780538 USDC)sell4.95 USDC (shortened; full value 4.951162998847425772398963199339732630823938116001 USDC)
Cost to move +50%
0 USDCReachable at no cost: nothing stands in the way
Checks
5 triggered3 not evaluated

History

Window
Resolution
Source

Buy-side depth

What an order can absorb before the price moves against a buyer. The rungs are nested, so one scale covers all three.

Higher at the end of the window than at its start

Lowest
1.88 USDC (shortened; full value 1.8801357071569690540256312906 USDC)
Highest
9.60 USDC (shortened; full value 9.6040761764184309581364544628 USDC)
2026-09-26T23:50:36Z — 2026-10-03T14:53:22ZOne scale across every line on this chart
2% from mid
1.95 USDC (shortened; full value 1.9579503384872646250323418389 USDC)
5% from mid
4.85 USDC (shortened; full value 4.859229539350750960898152483 USDC)
10% from mid
9.60 USDC (shortened; full value 9.6040761764184309581364544628 USDC)
8 readings from horizon, with no gaps reported. One source per chart.

Checks

What fires now, how long it has been firing across the window above, and what could not run.
Cheap to move the pricenowMANIPULATION_CHEAPthroughout
Cheap next to real tradingnowMANIPULATION_RATIO_LOWthroughout
Price sources disagreenowPRICE_SOURCE_CONFLICTthroughout
Extreme spreadnowSPREAD_EXTREMEthroughout
Thin depth at 5%nowTHIN_DEPTH_5PCTthroughout
No genuine trade in 7 daysNO_GENUINE_TRADE_7D4 of 8

Not evaluated3

  • No genuine trade in 30 days
  • No genuine trade in 7 days
  • Volume may be wash traded

Evidence

The figures behind the verdict, as the engine served them.

An averaging oracle makes an attacker outweigh genuine trading as well as move the book. A market with no genuine volume has no such defence.

Cost of a 50% move, order book only
0 USDC

The target is reachable through the order book

Genuine volume in the oracle window
0 USDC

Over the last 900 seconds (15 minutes), after the genuine-trade filter

Cost against genuine volume
not computed

Below 1, moving the price is cheaper than all genuine trading across the window. Not computed when there was no genuine volume or the target is unreachable

Total attack cost
0 USDC

The move, plus the genuine volume an averaging oracle forces an attacker to outweigh